Warren hastings, born december 6, 1732, churchill, near daylesford, oxfordshire, englanddied august 22, 1818, daylesford, the first and most famous of the british governorsgeneral of india, who dominated indian affairs from 1772 to 1785 and was impeached though acquitted on his return to england early life. The administration of warren hastings, 17721785 sir george. The impeachment and trial of warren hastings, which began in 1787 and concluded with the acquittal of the former governorgeneral in 1795, brought unprecedented attention to indian affairs in britain. He was expected to use the administrative machinery of a commercial company to serve the political purposes of britain, the east india company and the welfare of the indian population. Warren hastings 17321818 modern indian history notes for upsc. The setting of a standard for integrity in administration john t. Governorgeneral, introduced several administrative reforms. Warren hastings administrative plan divided territory of bengal, bihar and orissa into number of districts. The substituted language was a reasonably close substitute for mal administration. The company took the responsibility of the administration.
This trial is popularly known as the judicial murder of raja nand kumar. The company took the responsibility of the administration of the province. The bribery of warren hastings guilty on any count. Immediately after his taking charge as governor in bengal hastings drew up a plan for the judicial reforms, the aim of which was not to do away with the existing judicial machinery but to make it more. Hastings was the first governorgeneral of bengal and his trial had a formative impact on the british empire. He was a gifted personality endowed with strong will, great energy and resourcefulness. Rohilkand was a small kingdom situated in between oudh and the marathas. In this video i have talked about the reforms undertaken by lord warren hastings after becoming the governor general of bengal. Auctioned the right to collect land revenue to the highest bidder 1772 4. Warren hastings and british sovereign authority in bengal, 177480. Feb 24, 2018 in this video i have talked about the reforms undertaken by lord warren hastings after becoming the governor general of bengal. The administration of warren hastings, 17721785 sir.
What are some of the administrative reforms made by warren. In 1761, he was in the british council of calcutta, so was well versed with the affairs of india. Governor and president of fort wilham, arrived at calcutta, about the 2oth of february 1772, but it. Towards the end of indian career of warren hastings, there began a good deal of criticism in england of his highhandedness in administration.
The east india company reimbursed his legal expenses of 71,000 pounds12 and voted him an annuity of 4,000 pounds a year and a loan of 50,000 pounds without interest. Warren hastings 17731785 became governor in 1772 and governorgeneral in 1773 through regulating act of 1773 1. Part 9 indian legal history judicial plan of warren. Warren hastings carried out reforms in several fields of administration. In 1772, the company appointed warren hastings as the governor of fort william. Warren hastings 17731785 became governor in 1772 and governorgeneral in 1773 through regulating act of 1773. Warren hastings put an end to the dual system of government in bengal which was established by robert clive in 1765. In this lesson ashna talks about warren hastings reforms in administrative system and in the land revenue system. Search for library items search for lists search for contacts search for a library. Warren hastings 1732 1818 became the first governor of the presidency of fort william bengal in 1772 and the first governorgeneral of bengal in 1774 till he resigned in 1785. Comprehensive essay on british administration in india.
The trial of warren hastings university of tennessee. It was the first step to regulate machinery of administration of justice and the plan being a landmark in the ial history become famous as warren hastings plan of 1772. Gk, general studies, optional notes for upsc, ias, banking, civil services. Describe critically the land revenue and judicial reforms of lord cornwallis. Warren hastings british colonial administrator britannica. Warren hastings an essay by thomas babington macaulay october 1841 memoirs of the life of warren hastings, first governorgeneral of bengal. To start with warren hastings realized the very fact that an impartial and regular administration of justice was extremely essential for creating conditions for a better collection of land revenue. Recall that blackstone had classed as a high misdemeanor the mal administration of high officers of government. The regulating act was passed in the british house of commons on 10 june in 1773. Read this article to learn about the impeachment and estimate of warren hastings. A comprehensive history of india is the product of a joint venture undertaken by a group of historians who do not go by conformist views but by critical, objective and analytical assessment of events and developments in accordance with the methodical discipline of scientific research. Contribution of warren hastings in the indian administration. Edmund burke and the trial of warren hastings springerlink.
Development of adalat system during the time of warren hastings. Warren hastings expansionist policy pdf indian history notes. He abolished dual government in bengal, assumed direct responsibility of diwani and took away the right of nizamat as well from the hands of the nawab. Jun 01, 2011 warren hastings, the experienced worker of east india company who had joined the company in 1750 as a clerk took 23 years to reach the top post of the time. In 1787, he was accused of corruption and impeached in 1787, but after a long trial acquitted in 1795. Judicial reforms of warren hastings and the advent of. Estimate of warren hastings write a short note on warren hastings. The bribery of warren hastings scholarly commons at hofstra law. The company took over the responsibility of administration of the province and started to collect the revenue through the agency of its own servants. During his period number of revenue districts was reduced from 35 to 23 in the presidency of bengal. Cornwallis introduced some significant reforms in the sphere of judicial administration and tried to complete the unfinished work of warren hastings. Judicial plan of warren hastings 1772 warren hastings administrative plan divided territory of bengal, bihar and orissa into number of districts. Warren hastings governorgeneral from 1773 to 1785 was one of the many important figures who played a significant role in the expansion of company power.
Reforms of warren hastings when warren hastings assumed the administration of bengal in 1772, he found it in. The regulating act of india 1773 regulating act, 1773 was the first parliamentary ratification, codification, confirmation, justification or authorization defining the powers and responsibilities of the various organs of the east india company including its territorial control over bengal. The english statesman warren hastings 17321818 was the first governor general of british india. These reforms included the judicial reforms, revenue reforms. The governorgeneralship of lord cornwallis 17861793 constitutes a very remarkable and a highly creative period in indian legal history.
The rebellion started 1750 onwards but took a violent turn since 1773 when warren hastings assumed the governorgeneralship of bengal. Robert clive was the first governor of fort william under the companys rule. His four councillors were clavering, francis, monson and barwell 2. Abolished dual system 17671772 of administration 1772 3. Chiara rolli shows that in an age when british education consisted mainly of classical studies, it was antique views of rhetoric and imperial governance that permeated the trial. Sannyasi and fakir rebellion in bihar 17671800 ananda bhattacharya abstract the sannyasi and fakir rebellion is an important episode in the early colonial rule in bengal. Bazar, then the commercial suburb of murat such a regulation of the traffic as. But high crimes and misdemeanors arguably had a more precise and more familiar meaning drawn from longstanding english practice and usage. Education through self help is our motto rayat shikshan sansthas ismailsaheb mulla law college satara indian legal history power point presentation 2.
Trace the evolution of the system of administration in india from warren hastings to lord cornwallis. Jan 16, 2015 these were the conditions to which warren hastings was introduced and given the task of devising a new legal system, which ultimately came to be known as the adalat system. The state of the administration in bengal, before the passing of lord norths act of. Warren hastings was born at daylesford, in worcestershire, in december, 1732. Judicial reforms of warren hastings and the advent of adalat. List of various reforms introduced by warren hastings. The trial for his impeachment was a widely popular public affair, prosecuted by famed politician edmund burke, and defended by sir william jones. Warren hastings expansionist policy pdf indian history notes the rohilla war 1774 1. The son of a clergyman of the church of england, hastings was abandoned by his father at an early age. Under warren hastings the administration at the top was over hauled and the foundations for the new system based on the english pattern laid. Under hastingss term as governorgeneral, much administrative precedent set profoundly. The reforms which he brought about in different fields of administration were as follows. These notes will also be useful for other competitive exams like banking po, ssc, state civil services exams and so on. Warren hastings introduced the new judicial administration system as well as a revenue collection system in the year 1772 it laid the foundation of adalat system.
Part 9 indian legal history judicial plan of warren hastings 1772 and 1774 reality views by sm 1. A biography of warren hastings by sir alfred lyall, k. The reforms of lord cornwallis 17861793 and cornwallis code. The administration of warren hastings, 17721785 sir george forrest full view 1892. Jan 23, 2020 donald trumps impeachment trial started in the us senate. In each district an english servant of the company was appointed as collector who was to be responsible for the collection of land revenue. By his time the company had acquired power not only in bengal, but also in bombay and madras.
Donald trumps impeachment trial started in the us senate. The first anglomaratha war and the second anglomysore war. Warren hastings was known for his expansionist policy. The supreme head of the administration was the governorgeneral. This paper work views the various reforms made by warren hastings during his time in india. It was cornwallis who had to deal with warren hastings. He introduced for the first time the principle of administration according to law. Warren hastings, the first governorgeneral, introduced several administrative reforms. Warren hastings 17321818 was the first governorgeneral of british india. This is a historically significant trial because later on this trial became a major ground for the impeachment of governor general warren hastings and chief justice impey of the supreme court of calcutta, by the house of commons, after they returned to england.
He was the real builder of the modern indian administrative system. The regulating act of 1773 is a major landmark in the evolution of british administration in india. Warren hastings, first governor of india, warren hastings. It was the basis of all subsequent legislation for determining the form of indian government and is the first statute that recognizes the company to fulfil its functions other than that of trade. Sep 24, 2016 in warren hastings prepared the first judicial plan. Abolished dual system17671772 of administration 1772 auctioned the right to collect land revenue to the highest bidder 1772. Warren hastings, appointed to succeed cartier in the chair of. Warren hastings, the experienced worker of east india company who had joined the company in 1750 as a clerk took 23 years to reach the top post of the time. Prior to that, he had served as a resident of the east india company in murshidabad. After the india act of 1784, hastings was in an impossible position. It does not develop well enough the context of hastings rule, particularly regarding domestic administration, nor does it address re. The son of a clergyman of the church of england, hastings was abandoned by. Warren hastings and the founding of the british administration.
Warren hastings reforms judicial, revenue, commercial. He did not only give and receive bribes accidentally. When warren hastings came to india in 1772 as the governorgeneral of the company he came with specific orders from the directors to abolish the dual government. Regulating act, act of settlement, pitts india act. That the said warren hastings, in direct disobedience to the said positive. Warren hastings was first governor of the presidency of fort william bengal, who remained in office during 1732 to 1818.
The defects of plan of 1772 was apprehended not only by warren hastings but also by the company director who asked the governor and council to withdraw the collectors and search for an alternate arrangements and thus the calcutta government went on to implement the new plan for collection of revenue and administration of justice on november 23. Warren hastings, born december 6, 1732, churchill, near daylesford, oxfordshire, englanddied august 22, 1818, daylesford, the first and most famous of the british governorsgeneral of india, who dominated indian affairs from 1772 to 1785 and was impeached though acquitted on his return to england. A precedent being discussed is that of the warren hastings case the famous failed attempt by the british parliament to impeach indias first governorgeneral. He established the system of civil administration that was the basis of angloindian security and prosperity. But during his short stay in calcutta the artist seems to have painted a good number of portraits. Burkes writings and speeches, volume the ninth faculty of social.
Warren hastings abolished dual system of government in bengal, which was established by robert cive. Candidates can also download the warren hastings notes pdf from the link given below. Reforms of warren hasting administrative reforms removal of deputy subedars. Hastings, warren 17321818, governorgeneral of india, born at. The impeachment of warren hastings was a failed attempt between 1788 and 1795 to impeach the first governorgeneral of bengal in the parliament of great britain. The original meaning of high crimes and misdemeanors. Warren hastings, the first and most famous of the british governorsgeneral of india, who dominated indian affairs from 1772 to 1785 and was impeached. Development of adalat system during the time of warren. Warren hastings, the first and most famous of the british governorsgeneral of india, who dominated indian affairs from 1772 to 1785 and was impeached though acquitted on his return to england. His four councillors were clavering, francis, monson and barwell. Hastings was accused of misconduct during his time in calcutta particularly relating to mismanagement and personal corruption.
In warren hastings prepared the first judicial plan. While in lucknow, zoffany did his trade fairly well on commission by the nawab, the court and individuals like colonel claud martin. By contrast, bernstein constantly seeks to make the material of his sub. Warren hastings and the founding of the british administration lionel james trotter home.
Warren hastings reforms can be categorized into four i. Reforms brought by lord cornwallis history discussion. Oct 26, 2015 warren hastings was first governor of the presidency of fort william bengal, who remained in office during 1732 to 1818. Historical background upto 1772 judicial reforms of warren hastings, 5. This administration of justice maybe studied in four stages.
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